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Table 1 Microbial counts [log 10 CFU/g sample] along the gastrointestinal tract of pigs fed either dry feed, liquid feed or fermented liquid feed (feed to water ratio 1:2.5, back slopping with 50% retention at 20°C)

From: Fermented liquid feed for pigs: an ancient technique for the future

  Diet  
Segment Dry feed Liquid feed Fermented liquid feed P-value
Lactic acid bacteria (20°C)     
Stomach <5.4 (3)a 7.9b 9.0c <0.01
Distal small intestine <6.3 (5)a <6.5 (3)a 7.2b 0.01
Caecum <6.0 (5) <6.2 (2) <6.6 (2) 0.21
Mid colon <6.1 (5) <6.3 (3) <6.3 (4) 0.34
Lactic acid bacteria (37°C)     
Stomach 8.8 8.7 8.9 0.35
Distal small intestine 8.2 8.6 8.4 0.41
Caecum 8.7ab 9.0a 8.3b 0.04
Mid colon 9.2a 9.2a 8.5b 0.01
Enterobacteria     
Stomach 3.8a 5.7b <3.2 (4)c <0.01
Distal small intestine 5.5a 6.6b <4.1 (3)c <0.01
Caecum 5.9a 6.3a 5.0b 0.02
Mid colon 6.2a 6.6a 4.7b <0.01
Yeasts (20°C)     
Stomach <3.4 (2)a 3.7a 5.4b <0.01
Distal small intestine <3.4 (3)a 3.9b 7.0c <0.01
Caecum <3.2 (2) <3.3 (1) <5.1 (1) 0.07
Mid colon <3.2 (3)a <3.3( 1)a <4.6 (1)b 0.03
Yeasts (37°C)     
Stomach <3.3 (4)a <3.6 (2)a 4.2b 0.03
Distal small intestine <4.0 (3) 3.6 4.5 0.08
Caecum <3.9 (2) <3.4 (3) <3.6 (3) 0.59
Mid colon <3.7 (3) <3.3 (4) <3.4 (2) 0.69
  1. Values in brackets indicate the number of samples with values below detection levels. The approximate detection levels (log10 cfu/g) were as follows: stomach: lactic acid bacteria, 5; enterobacteria, 3; yeasts, 3. Small intestine, caecum and colon: lactic acid bacteria, 6; enterobacteria, 4; yeasts, 3. “<” indicates that some observations from which the mean was calculated had values below detection levels. When no colonies were detected, the detection limit was applied to make the calculations. Therefore some values are lower than actually reported.
  2. a,b,cMeans within rows with a different superscripts are significantly different (P < 0.05).
  3. Adapted from Canibe and Jensen [6].
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